We analyse the stochastic extinction phenomenon, showing that extinction occurs as competitive overlap increases above a certain threshold well below its deterministic counterpart. Using a synthetic framework for community dynamics, here we show that, while deterministic descriptors predict coexistence, species similarity is limited in a more restrictive way in the presence of stochasticity. However, some ecologists have recently challenged this classic paradigm highlighting the importance of chance and stochasticity. Therefore, it is widely accepted that ecological communities are assembled by evolutionary differentiation and progressive adaptation of species to different niches. If no extinction occurs, it is because evolutionary adaptation to slightly different niches takes place.

This is known as the competitive exclusion principle. It’s probably happened trillions of times in the memetic world.If two species live on a single resource, the one with a slight advantage will out-compete the other: complete competitors cannot coexist. This has happened billions of times before in the genetic world, as one species overcame another in a struggle for survival in the same niche. Once Homo sapiens ceded control of the biosphere to the New Dominant Life Form, an ecological niche succession event occurred.

This transition is still in progress in the less industrialized areas of the world. Depending on your point of view, his new niche is a powerless employee and consumer, or a Corporatis profitis slave. Over the last few hundred years, it appears that Homo sapiens has chosen adaptation rather than extinction, so he is now subservient to the modern corporation and its allies. The modern corporation appeared only about two hundred years ago, at the dawn of the Industrial Revolution. According to the principle, the loser must adapt to a different niche or go extinct. Two life forms, one genetic and one memetic, are battling for control of the biosphere. The Competitive Exclusion Principle allows us to see what’s really happening here. “This led Gause to come forth with a famous ‘principle’ that would dominate ecological research for nearly the entire century: Two species that use resources exactly the same way cannot coexist. Even more interestingly, one species always drove the other to extinction. He got lowered growth rates of both populations. Then he put two different species of Paramecium in the same culture. These Paramecium eat bacteria, and there is only so much food in a culture to support a certain number of Paramecium.

Gause inoculated a simple, finite culture with Paramecium, and. interested in competition, discovered this principle. Georgyi Gause, the Russian microbiologist. The principle has been paraphrased into the maxim 'complete competitors cannot coexist'. One of the two competitors will always overcome the other, leading to either the extinction of this competitor or an evolutionary or behavioral shift toward a different ecological niche. When one species has even the slightest advantage or edge over another then the one with the advantage will dominate in the long term. In ecology, the competitive exclusion principle,sometimes referred to as Gause's law of competitive exclusion or just Gause's law, is a proposition that states that two species competing for the same resource cannot coexist at constant population values, if other ecological factors remain constant.

Competitive exclusion principle